JOSÉ ANTONIO EMMANUEL is an alias of José Ruíz Rodríguez, a teacher and anarchist philanthropist, and first cousin of Pablo Ruiz Picasso. He also wrote under the pseudonym Max Bembo, who was the official author of the essays 'Bad Life in Barcelona: Abnormality, Misery and Vice' and 'Anarchy Explained to Children.' José Antonio Emmanuel also collaborated with the International Committee of Schools in order to promote rationalist schools. At the same time, he promoted the International Anarchist Library (B. A. I.), asmall publishing house in Barcelona, which was ​​responsible for the"International Library" collection, small works of ideological propaganda that cost 20 cents and explained concepts such as the organisation of the proletariat, union action and anarchy.

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